Continuous Casting Center

Projects

Research projects conducted by the Continuous Casting Center, spanning fundamental investigations and applied engineering studies.

Current Projects

  • CCC Research

    Transient Turbulent Flow Phenomena

    Slide-gate and stopper-rod movement induce asymmetric flow, meniscus level fluctuations and slag entrapment. A semi-analytical model predicts nozzle flow rate from recorded gate position, and transient 3-D CFD — validated against water-model surface velocities and unfiltered plant mold-level data — shows how defects form under transient conditions.

    Continuous Casting Center

  • CCC Research

    Entrapment of Bubbles and Inclusions during Flow in the Nozzle and Mold

    Inclusion particles and argon bubbles carried through the nozzle and mold pool cause serious surface and internal defects. Three-dimensional turbulent flow models quantify their transport and entrapment at the solidifying dendritic interface, validated against water-model studies, metallography and plant trials at POSCO and elsewhere.

    Continuous Casting Center · POSCO · National Science Foundation

  • CCC Research

    Thermal Stress Analysis of Solidifying Steel Shell

    A coupled two-dimensional transient finite-element model predicts temperature, shrinkage and stress in the solidifying shell, including phase-transformation volume change, ferrostatic pressure, creep plasticity, and the effect of shrinkage on heat transfer across the mold-shell gap. It is being extended to beam-blank taper and to crack formation in funnel-mold thin slabs.

    Continuous Casting Center

  • CCC Research

    Optimization of Coil Scheduling

    Scheduling coil orders into heats, casting sequences and rolling schedules must balance order dates, furnace and refining capacity, the cost of grade changes, and caster and rolling-mill constraints. An integer-based optimization model builds coil-to-coil schedules for realistic order sequences — an NP-hard problem given the number of variables and constraints involved.

    Continuous Casting Center · Nucor Steel

  • CCC Research

    Taper Design of Funnel Molds for Thin Slab Casting

    Funnel-shaped molds need different taper to accommodate the changing perimeter down the mold, and the funnel itself adds stress and strain that promote longitudinal facial cracks. Models of heat transfer, stress and hot-tear crack formation are used to investigate funnel shapes and narrow-face tapers that reduce crack incidence.

    Continuous Casting Center · Tata Steel · US Steel

Completed Projects

NSF Grant

  • (NSF) High Fidelity Numerical Investigations of Tailored Magnetic Fields for Defect Reduction in Continuous Casting of Steel

    Study of magnetic field applications to reduce defects in steel casting.

    2011–2015National Science FoundationNSF 1130882

  • (NSF) Transient Flow Structures and Heat Transfer in the Continuous Casting Mold

    Analysis of transient flow patterns and heat transfer mechanisms.

    1998–2001National Science FoundationNSF 9800274

  • (NSF) Presidential Young Investigator Award: Mathematical Modeling of Continuous Casting Processing

    The NSF Presidential Young Investigator award, which funded the group's first decade of mathematical model development for continuous casting.

    1989–1995National Science FoundationNSF 8957195

  • (NSF) Research Initiation: Fluid Flow and Heat Flow Modeling of Continuous Casting Processes

    The center's first NSF grant: initial models of fluid flow and heat flow in the continuous casting process.

    1989–1992National Science FoundationNSF 8908894

NSF GOALI Grant

  • (NSF) GOALI: Turbulent Flow Modeling of Gas Injection to Minimize Surface Defects in Continuous-Cast Steel

    Modeling of argon gas injection and the resulting multiphase turbulent flow, to find operating windows that avoid the bubble-related surface defects it can cause. Awarded at Illinois and continued at the Colorado School of Mines when the center moved.

    2016–2022National Science FoundationNSF 1563553, 1808731

  • (NSF) GOALI: Operational Reconfigurability of Constrained Moving-Boundary Processes through Agile Motion Planning with Application to Steel Continuous Casting

    Research on agile motion planning for steel continuous casting processes.

    2013–2018National Science FoundationNSF 1300907

  • (NSF) GOALI: Hybrid Control of Continuous Casting for Whale and Crack Prevention

    Hybrid control methods to prevent whales and cracks in continuous casting.

    2009–2013National Science FoundationNSF 0900138

  • (NSF) GOALI: Online Dynamic Control of Cooling in Continuous Casting of Thin Steel Slabs

    Dynamic cooling control strategies for thin slab casting.

    2005–2009National Science FoundationNSF 0500453

  • (NSF) GOALI: Flow Dynamics and Inclusion Transport in Continuous Casting of Steel

    Research on flow dynamics and inclusion transport mechanisms.

    2001–2005National Science FoundationNSF 0115486

NSF Collaborative Research

  • (NSF) Collaborative Research: Planning Grant: I/UCRC: Center for Solidification Processing

    Planning grant toward an NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for solidification processing.

    2013–2014National Science FoundationNSF 1266050

  • (NSF) Collaborative Research: Manipulating the Contacting and Solidification of Molten Metal in Continuous Casting

    Research on molten metal contact and solidification control.

    2007–2010National Science FoundationNSF 0727620

  • (NSF) Collaborative Research: Contacting and Solidification in Casting-by-Design

    Research on contact and solidification optimization in casting design.

    2004–2007National Science FoundationNSF 0423794

NSF SIRG Grant

  • (NSF) SIRG/Collaborative Research: Distributed Subwavelength Photonic Sensors for In-situ High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Monitoring in Manufacturing Environments

    Development of photonic sensors for manufacturing monitoring.

    2005–2008National Science FoundationNSF 0528668

CCC Research

  • Flow Dynamics and Electromagnetic Effects in Continuous Casting of Steel

    Investigation of flow dynamics and electromagnetic field effects in casting.

    Completed 2022Continuous Casting Center · Cleveland Cliffs · Baosteel · POSCO · National Science Foundation

  • Thermal Stress and Surface Crack Formation in Continuous Casting

    Analysis of thermal stress mechanisms leading to surface cracks.

  • Fluid flow, Heat Transfer and Interfacial Phenomena in Nozzle Refractories

    Study of fluid dynamics and heat transfer in nozzle refractory systems.

  • Modeling of Clogging and Erosion of Nozzle Refractories in Steel Casting

    Development of models predicting nozzle refractory clogging and erosion.

  • Initial Solidification and Meniscus Hook Formation in Continuous Slab Casting

    Research on initial solidification phenomena and meniscus hook development.

  • Meniscus Solidification, Oscillation Marks, and Depression Formation

    Analysis of meniscus behavior including oscillation marks and depressions.

  • Interface Heat Transfer and Friction in Continuous Casting

    Examination of interface heat transfer and friction phenomena.

  • CON1D: Heat Transfer Model of Mold, Interface and Shell

    Development of one-dimensional heat transfer modeling tool.

  • CON2D: Coupled Thermal Stress Model of Continuous Casting

    Creation of coupled thermal stress analysis model.

  • Bulging Between Rolls in Continuous Casting

    Investigation of bulging phenomena occurring between casting rolls.

  • Distortion and Cracking of Thin-Slab Continuous-Casting Molds

    Study of mold distortion and crack formation in thin-slab casting.

  • Segregation and Microstructure in Solidifying Steel

    Research on segregation phenomena and microstructural development.

  • Flow and Clogging in Continuous Casting Tundish Nozzles

    Investigation of flow behavior and clogging in tundish nozzle systems.

  • Two-Phase Fluid Flow in Continuous Casting Nozzles

    Analysis of two-phase flow dynamics in nozzle systems.

  • Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in the Liquid Pool

    Investigation of pool dynamics and heat transfer behavior.

NSERC Research

  • Investigation of Flow-Related Defects in Thin-Slab Casting

    Study of flow-related defect formation in thin-slab casting.

Related Research

  • Investigation of Steel Cleanliness during Ingot Teeming

    Study of steel cleanliness maintenance during ingot casting.

    2002–2006

  • Development of a Process to Continuously Melt, Refine, and Cast High-Quality Steel

    Process development for high-quality steel production.

    2002–2005

  • Thermo-Mechanical Phenomena in High-Speed Billet and Thin-Slab Casting

    Analysis of thermo-mechanical behavior at high casting speeds.

  • Mathematical Model of Thin Strip Casting

    Development of mathematical modeling for thin strip casting.

  • Thermal-Mechanical Behavior of ITER (Fusion Reactor) First Wall

    Analysis of thermal and mechanical behavior in fusion reactor components.